Internal combustion engine



' April 18, I933. w c ELLL I 1,903,802

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FiledApril 13, 1928 3 sheets-sheet l IN V EN TOR.

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A TTORNEYS April 18, 1933 .w. c. AGERELL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 13, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT A TTORNEYS.

April 13, 1933- v w. C. ERE L 1,903,802

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 15, 1928 s Sheets-Sheet. s

- INVENQ R.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Apr. 18 1933 WILLIAM C. AGERELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS INTERNAL coMBnsrroNnNGmE Application filed April 13,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to valvejgears' for such engines. It has for one ob 'ect to provide a valve and a valve operating gear operating all the'valves is also provided.

V the engine, taken Other objects will appear from time to time, in the course of the specification and claims I illustrate my invention more or less dia grammatically in the: accompanying drawings wherein:

iFi'gure fl represents af'vertical cross seco o g e ngine which is taken gen: orally at line 1- 1 of Figure. V

Figure 2 is a detailed plan view of an exhaust valve seat showing the ports;

Figure 3 is a plan view of one of the valve (11503.. p Q Figure/4 1s a detailed sectional view show seat; this view is taken looking upward along the cylinder and in effect is. a sectional view taken on an enlarged scale. on lines'i41-'4 of Figure 1; d '7 V Figure 5 is a sectional view showing the exhaust valve in the open position and is, in eflect, a sectional view taken on line 5 -5 of Figure 1, looking upward fromthe cylinder;

.Figure 6 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken through the upper part of one-half of the cylinder head assembly of generally on line 6'6 of Figural;

' Figure the cover removed showingthe valve operating gear;

Figure 8 1s a vertical longitudinal sec-,-

tional detail taken on line 8-8 of Figure 7 showing the main or central valve operating mechanism;

Figure 9 is a detailed vertical cross secing an inletvalve in position upon its valve.

7 is a plan viewiof-Figure with 1928. Serial Nb. 269, 71;

tion with parts in elevation on an enlarged scale, taken approximately on the line 9-7-9 ofFigureG Like parts are designated by like characters throughout the specification and draw ings.

In the herewith A1 is fa cylinder. The particular details of the cylinder construction form no essential part of the present invention and v they will not be "further described. -As' shown, the cylinder is ofmore or less conventionalit'ype and iswater jacketed. A is a piston mounted within the cylinder for reciprocation. A is a crank shaft. A is one of the cranks formed on the shaft. A5 is a connecting rod mounted at one end. on the crank A and at the'other' carries the piston A I 7 5 r i indicates the combustion chamber. formed in the cylinder head. 13 is an inlet forniof my invention illustrated;

communicate with the combustion chamber 13 and thecylinder generally. B is an inlet:v

valve. Ylt is provided with ports Bt-which are adapted to register with the. ports B anditjs mounted for rotation on a shaftBI. At its upper end the, shaft} carries a short crank arm B which is pivoted at its other end to the link B". This link is pivoted to, the arm B whicharm is bent as shown, and.

i is attached at its upper endto the slide rod 13*. A This rod carries a roller B mountedv on apin B l w'hich roller is in contact'with a cam'which will be later described. At its upper ,end and beneath the crank Bi'surrounding the shaft B isa springlB fl B is a cover about theshaft B and covers the spring B j i {The above descriptionf of thelinlet valve applies with slight modificationsfto all" of the valves; Each is operated fromna. cam which will be described below, and each is generally. similar, the inlet and exhaust. ports '3 beingidentical in design andthe valves differingonly from each other in order to per-. mit rods of different lengths to be attached and to connect the valve with the operating. cam. 'The cam operating mechanism" will now be described.

C is a cam shaft. It is rotated from any suitable source. C C are bearing supports for the shaft. They are mounted in the head assembly in any suitable manner. As here shown they have feet C C which are mounted in the cylinder head casting. The slide rod B is mounted to slide in the members C C Other slide rods are C C C C and C Each of them carries a pin X similar to the pin B and upon each pin is mounted for rotation a roller X These rollers are in contact with the cam member C As the cam revolves with the revolution of the cam shaft C, the rollers follow its curvature, moving back andv forth and carrying with them the slide rods upon which they are mounted. Each of these slide rods through a connecting member is adapted to oscillate a valve upon its shaft. Thus with each revolution or as the cam and cam shaft revolves, the valves are oscillated on their seats and so brought into and out of register with the ports to permit intake and exhaust. For each set of intake valves and exhaust valves, there is one operating cam. They may be substantially alike in design and proportion. They will normally be varied merely to provide a symmetrical design on the engine, and of course the curvature on the intake and exhaust cam may be varied.

D is an exhaust passage. It is provided with ports D D is an exhaust valve provided with ports D and mounted upon a shaft or stem D. As shown in Figure 5, the exhaust valve is in position and the valve ports D are in register with the exhaust ports D and the valve is thus opened and an exhaust takes place. At its upper end the valve shaft D carries a crank D which is pivoted at its other end to the link D. This link is pivoted to the arm D which itself is fastened to a slide rod D This rod is mounted for operating movement in the supporting member D which also carries a cam shaft E similar to the cam shaft C above mentioned. The members D are provided with feet I) by means of which they may be mounted upon and secured to any suitable portion of a head assembly casting. The slide rod D carries a roller D which is mounted for rotation upon a pin D This roller is in contact with a cam E which is pivoted upon and adapted to rotate with the cam shaft E. As the cam rotates, the slide rod is moved backwards and forward with the result that the valve rod D is oscillated and the valve itself oscillated. Other slide rods F, F F F and F are similarly mounted in the members D for sliding movement. Each carries a roller Y similar to theroller D and mounted upon a pin Y similar to the pin D Projecting downwardly from the sliding rod F is an arm F which is connected to a reach rod F. This rod has pivoted at its outer end a crank F which is attached to the valve stem or shaft F 8 and a valve F The other valves are similarly connected to separate slide rods, with the result that each rod is attached to a single slide rod and moved by it. The details of this construction will not be repeated, as they are similar throughout except for the fact that they vary somewhat due to the difference in distance of the valves from the valve operating cam. Each of the valve rods has about its upper end a spring B or G which tends to hold it upon its seat. The valves adjacent the cam operating mechanism have covers B or G about the springs which prevent the leakage of too much lubricant from the cam operating mechanism along the valve stem to the valve.

H, H indicate cooling passages located between the discharge and inlet ports. It will be seen that each inlet and each discharge port is thus surrounded on three sides by water passages and thus the cylinder head and the ports in particular are effectively cooled.

The use and operation of this invention are as follows:

I11 a general way the engine itself operates in the usual manner of an internal combustion engine. A charge is drawn in to the combustion chamber through the inlet passage or through the inlet valve which is opened at the proper time in the engine cycle to permit the entrance of the charge. The charge is compressed. It is ignited by a spark plug or any other suitable means. The charge is burned and the piston is forced down. At the appropriate time the exhaust valve is opened and the discharge with the burned gases takes place. The cycle of the engine is repeated in this fashion so long as the engine operates. In the particular form of the invention shown herewith there are six engine cylinders and six inlet and six exhaust valves. The inlet valves are operated by a single mechanism embodying one cam shaft and cam assembly, slide rods and connecting rods to the several valve shafts so that the valves are oscillated and thus moved to open and close at appropriate times. A similar arrangement is provided for the exhaust valves, there being another cam shaft and cam assembly, slide rods and connecting rods, each connected to one of the valve shafts so that this set of valves is operated for opening and closing. The two cam shafts may be operated from the engine in any suitable manner. The details of the timing can be considerably varied. In the form of the engine shown herewith the parts are so proportioned and assembled that the details of. operation are generally as follows:

The cam shaft mechanisms are driven from the motor shaft so that the cam shafts preferably make. one revolution to two revolutions of thecrank shaft. Let us supposenow that the piston is .to move'upwardon the exhaust 1 exhaust valve is shown in Figure 1 and'isiin engagement with the cam slot. The sliding rod is reciprocated and through the link and crank it oscillates the .exhaustvalve shaft and reached its upper dead center.

rangement the scavenging effect is increasedv through it, the exhaust .valvefto. open, the exhaust ports. As shown in Figure 1 the ex-] haust valve disc is so positioned thatits ports are in full register with. the ports of the valve seat. After the ports have remained in full register for approximately of piston travel, the valve commences to close rapidly and is completelyclosed when it has moved through about one-eighth of a revolution. lVith the parts designed as shown, this closing is complete. about 8 after the piston has By this arand is aided by the haust gas.

The inlet valve starts to move at about 19 before the piston has reached its upper center and the inlet ports commence to come: into, register at about 12? after the piston has reached its upper center. The inlet valve thus has a lead of about 31. The inlet'valve commences to move slowly but at the instant that the ports begin to register the speedof motion of the valve, is very rapid. j Oneeighth of a revolution of the valve disc would bring the ports of the disc; in full register with the ports of the inlet opening. The

free discharge of the exvalve rests in this position for 20? of piston.

travel and then closes rapidly.

After the piston has reached its lower limit of nioveinentqthe compression stroke takes i near a minimum, the exhaust ports startto open rapidly and become fully opened after.

one-eighth of a revolution. The cycle above described for one cylinder is carried out in all cylinders. It will be understood, of

' 1 course, that the timing and particular arrangements are not essential and inightbe infinitely var ed. The details are inserted here, however, to describe the particular cycle-of the form of the device shown herewith.

The cam slot and associated parts are so designed that the valve action is positive at all times and motion of the valve discs takes place only a times when the pressures are at or near a minimum. Onlyjone positive inlet cam and one positive outlet cam are necessary to actuate the valve operating mechanism for the six cylinders. Each set of valves is thus operated from a central point. 4 It may be and exhaust on a twelve orsixteen cylinder engine. The valve discs are constantly resting upon awater cooled'valve'seat. They are thus cooled and enabledrto stand high temperatu'res and the heat is thus dissipated by direct conduction at all times. r

I claim:

1. In combination in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders,

a plurality of exhaust valves "and of inlet valves, a single cam assembly for individually controlling the valves of each set and separate connecting members extending from cam means to the several valves of each set, respectively, whereby the exhaust valves are individuallyoperated from a single cani as sembiy and the inlet valves are individually operated from a single cam assembly.

2. In combination in an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of exhaust valves and ofinlet valves, a single cam assembly forea ch set of valves and connecting members from said cam means to each of'said'valves, said 0011- nectingmembers being grouped about the respective cam means for selective operation thereby, whereby the exhaust valves are-selectively operated from a single cam assem bly and the lnlet valves are selectively oper-' ated from a single cam assembly, said valves being of thedisc type mounted for oscillation, said cam assein ly adapted to selective: ly oscillate them Q I 3. In combination in an internalcombustion engine having. a plurality'of cylinders.

a plurality of exhaust valves and of inlet valves, a single cam assembly foreacn set' of valves and connecting members'from said .0311 means to eachof said valves, said connecting members being grouped about the re spective cam means for individual intermittent operation whereby the exhaust valves are individually and intermittently operated froma single cam assembly and the inlet valves are individually and intermittently operated from a single cam assembly, including ported disc members located within the combustion chamber, shafts "upon which the valves are mounted, the shafts being. oscillated individually and intermittently by means of the respective cam assembly;

4. In combination in an internal combus tion engine, a plurality of combustion Cli2-ll1'-. bers, inlet and exhaust openingsfor each,

valve mounted to control each of such openings and a unitary means for seiectivelv oscillating individual valves of selected groups of said said valvesto open and close bers, inlet. and exhaust openings. for each,

valve discs mounted to control each of such openings and a unitary means for selectivedesirable to have two units control the intake ly oscillating individual. disks of selected.

groups of said discs to open and close said openings.

6. In combination in an internal combus tion engine, a plurality of cylinders, inlet and exhaust disc valves for each of said cylinders and a single means'tor operating a plurality of said valves, including a cam, means for rotating such cam, reci-procatory members positioned to be individually reciprocated by the rotation of said cam, and links connecting said reciprocatory members with the valves whereby the reciprocation of said members transmits an oscillating motion to the valves.

7. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, inlet and exhaust disc valves for each of said cylinders, said valves being mounted on shafts, and a single means for operating a plurality of said valves, including a cam, re ciprocatory members positioned to be individually and selectively reciprocated by the rotation of said cam, and links connecting said reciprocatory members to said shafts whereby the reciprocation of said members transmits an oscillating motion to said shaft.

8. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, inlet and exhaust disc valves for each of said cylinders and a unitary means for operating aplurality of said valves, including a single cam for inlet and exhaust valves, respectively, reciprocatory members adapted to be reciprocated by the rotation of said J respective cams, arms and bosses on said reciprocatory members of such shape and located at the correct timing angle, so as to transmit the true reciprocating motion that the rotation of the cam offers, and links connecting said reciprocatorymembers to said valves whereby the reciprocation of said members transmits an oscillating motion to the valves.

9. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, inlet and exhaust disc valves for each of said cylinders, said valves controlling inlet and exhaust openings in each of said cylinders, and a single means for operating a plurality of said valves, including a. cam, reciprocatory members adapted to be reciprocated by the rotation of said cam, arms and bosses on said reciproca-tory members of such shape and location as to transmit the true reciprocating motion that the rotation of the cam offers, links connecting said reciprocatory members whereby the reciprocation of said members transmits an oscillating motion to the said inlet and exhaust disc valves.

10. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of combustion chambers, inlet and exhaust ports for each chamber, a valve mounted to control each of said ports, unitary means for controlling selected groups of said valves and including single cam means for the inlet and exhaust valves respectively, and individual connecting members between the several inlet and exhaust valves and their respective cam means, said connecting members being grouped about their respective cam members and disposed in correct timing angle with respect thereto.

11. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a plurality of combustion chambers, inlet and exhaust ports for each chamber, a valve mounted to control each port, unitary means for operating selected groups of the valves and including single cam means for the inlet and exhaust valves respectively, means for rotating the cams, and individual connecting members between the several inlet and exhaust valves and their respective cams, said connecting members being positioned concentrically about the axes of rotation of the respective cams and being angularly spaced in correct timing angle for operation in a predetermined sequence.

12. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust passages, hollow members extending transversely of said passages and defining ports for the cylinder, disk valves controlling said ports and mounted in heat transfer relation to said transverse members, and means for circulating a cooling fluid through said hollow members.

13. In combination, a plurality of chambers each provided with inlet and outlet ports, a valve mounted to control each of said ports, and a unitary means for positively operating individual valves of selected groups of valves to open and close said ports.

14. In combination, a plurality of chambers each provided with inlet and outlet ports, inlet and exhaust disk valves for controlling the flow of fluid to and from each of said chambers, and a single means for operating a plurality of said valves including a cam, means "for rotating said cam, reciprocatory members positioned to be individually reciprocated by rotation of the cam, and members connecting said reciprocatory members with the valves whereby the reciprocation of said members transmits an oscillatory motion to the disk valves. 1

Signed at Chicago county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 6th day of April, 1928.

IVILLIAM C. AGERELL. 

